Key+elements


 * 10 || If you go on trial this should be done in public. The people who try you should not let themselves be influenced by others. ||

Article 10.

 * Everyone is entitled in full equality to a fair and public hearing by an independent and impartial tribunal, in the determination of his rights and obligations and of any criminal charge against him.

Artículo 10.

 * Toda persona tiene derecho, en condiciones de plena igualdad, a ser oída públicamente y con justicia por un tribunal independiente e imparcial, para la determinación de sus derechos y obligaciones o para el examen de cualquier acusación contra ella en materia penal.

1. **The Declaration** – Students identify at **least four important facts** about how the Declaration was created (who, what, when, where, why, how). This may include biographical information about contributors to the Declaration.

The Universal Declaration of Human Rights was adopted and proclaimed by the General Assembly of the newly formed United Nations on December 10, 1948. This non-binding document contains 30 articles that contain a comprehensive listing of key civil, political, economic, social, and cultural rights. The D eclaration was drafted by the United Nations Commission on Human Rights, which was chaired by Eleanor Roosevelt, former first lady and wife of the late President Franklin D. Roosevelt.

The formation of the United Nations and the drafting of this Declaration were responses to the atrocities, suffering, and death which had occurred during World War II, which ended in 1945. Drafters hoped that the establishment of worldwide human rights standards would diminish the possibility of future wars. The Declaration was inspired by two ethical considerations: a commitment to the inherent dignity of every human being and a commitment to nondiscrimination.

2. **Article analysis – meaning.** Students analyze the meaning of their article. Drawing from the English version, the “plain language” English version, and the Spanish version, students explain A.) why the rights defined in this article should be universal and B.) why the rights defined in this article are important to them.

Articulo 10: Toda persona tiene derecho, en condiciones de plena igualdad, a ser oída públicamente y con justicia por un tribunal independiente e imparcial, para la determinación de sus derechos y obligaciones o para el examen de cualquier acusación contra ella en materia penal.

Este derecho es importante porque guarantiza que caulquier persona acusada de un crimen pueda ser juzgado en pleno publico. Asi lo que pasa en el corte puede ser observado por la gente y la prensa o revisado en el futuro para asegurar que se hiciera en una manera completa y justa. Asi la persona acusada puede oir y enfrentar la prueba en contra de el o ella. Asi la justicia se persigue en la luz del dia y no afuera de la vista del publico. Es un requisito de una sociedad abierta y libre.

3. **Article analysis – positive example** – Students identify a situation in today’s world where the rights guaranteed in their selected article are being honored. Students provide details including A.) how the right is being honored, and B.) the positive consequences for the people whose rights are being honored.

U.S. Constitution Amendment 6 - Right to Speedy Trial, Confrontation of Witnesses. Ratified 12/15/1791. In all criminal prosecutions, the accused shall enjoy the right to a speedy and public trial, by an impartial jury of the State and district wherein the crime shall have been committed, which district shall have been previously ascertained by law, and to be informed of the nature and cause of the accusation; to be confronted with the witnesses against him; to have compulsory process for obtaining witnesses in his favor, and to have the Assistance of Counsel for his defence.

This element of the U.S. Constitution guatantees the right to a fair and public trial by an impartial judge or jury. The positive consequence of this right of U.S. citizens is that people accused of crimes are tried in public. Others, including lawyers representing the accused, the accused's family, interested citizens, and the press can monitor the proceedings of the trial to make sure that the trial is conducted fairly and legally. A society that conducts these proceedings openly generates confidence and trust in the system. A society that conducts these proceedings hidden away from public view generates fear and mistrust.

4. **Article analysis – negative example** – Students identify a situation in today’s world where one or more of the rights guaranteed in their selected article is NOT being honored. Students provide details including A.) an explanation of why those rights are not being honored, and B.) the negative consequences of the people whose rights are being denied.

In the wake of the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2011, terrorist suspects were rounded up and transported to sites including the Guantanamo Bay detention camp in Guantanamo Bay, Cuba. Prisoners began arriving there in early 2002, and entually

eventually hundreds of prisoners from several countries were held at the camp without charge and without the legal means to challenge their detentions.

The detainees at Guantanomo Bay were denied the "fair and public hearing" guaranteed by Article 10 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. They were not provided lawyers. They were given little information about the charges brought against them. They have been denied the right to bring in outside witnesses to help establish their innocence. A negative consequence of practices implemented at the Guantanamo Bay detention camp is that innocent people have been detained for periods of many years without the benefits of legal services or review of their cases by fair and impartial judges. Although some prisoners detained at Guantanomo Bay are likely guilty of acts of terrorism, the confusion and fear that followed the attacks of 9/11 resulted in the arrest of individuals whose involvment in terrorist acts is highly questionable. Fair and public hearings would likely have resulted in the release of innocent detainees.

5. **Catalysts for change** – Students identify at least one organization working to advance the human rights of the people denied their rights described in key element #4. A.) Students describe specific actions taken by the organization to expand the human rights defined by their article. B.) Students describe what ordinary citizens can do and are doing to contribute to these efforts.

The Guantanamo Bay detention camp was repeatedly condemned by international human rights and humanitarian organizations—including Amnesty International, Human Rights Watch, and the International Committee of the Red Cross—as well as by the European Union and the Organization of American States (OAS), for alleged human rights violations, including the use of various forms of torture during interrogations. Representatives of various human rights organizations, including the International Committee of the Red Cross, have visited detainees at Guantanamo Bay, provided books, and provided means of communication between detainees and their families, including videoconferencing service. Ordinary citizens can access resources on human rights organizations to learn about human rights violations, sign up for action alerts which notify participants of specific actions to take at strategic moments (such as calling upon leaders to take action), and make donations to support the work of organizations.

6. **Artwork –** A.) Students include an image (e.g. photograph, work of visual art, etc.) that is symbolic of the rights represented in their article. B.) Students provide analysis of the image (e.g. artist information, medium, year created, artist commentary). If the image is the work of an IAMS art student, commentary about the artwork by the student artist is included.

British author and journalist Andy Worthington examines the first ever photos of artwork by prisoners at Guantanamo, as published in //Slate//.

"I hesitate to do anything that might create the impression that Guantánamo is a humane, well-functioning prison, because it is, of course, an experimental project in detention without charge or trial, in which the men held have no idea of when, if ever they will be released. In this particular respect, it is unlike any other prison, and remains an abomination, distinct from any other facility where those held have been convicted after a trial, and are also allowed family visits."

Thursday, September 2, 2010

@http://www.cageprisoners.com/our-work/blog/item/518-first-glimpse-of-guantanamo-prisoners-art @http://www.slate.com/id/2265853/slideshow/2265849/fs/0//entry/2265835/

7. **Data Analysis** – The presentation must feature statistical information with discussion of its meaning. This may be accompanied by a student-created graph or other graph.

The first 20 prisoners arrived to the Guantanamo Bay Detention Camp on January 11, 2002. On June 23, 2005, a National Public Radio report indicated that the Pentagon reported that approximately 520 prisoners were being held there. Exact figures were not made available to the public or to Members of Congress. NPR reported that at its height approximately 750 prisoners were detained at Guantanamo.

By 2008 there had been at least four suicides and hundreds of suicide attempts in Guantánamo that are in public knowledge